Pune: In a rare but concerning trend, doctors at Manipal Hospital, Baner, successfully treated two unusual cases of pulmonary aspergillosis in patients without any prior immunodeficiency.
These cases signal a shift in how environmental factors such as air pollution, climate change, and monsoon-related humidity are increasing the risk of fungal lung infections including pulmonary aspergillosis, even among healthy individuals.
The first patient, a 46-year-old man, presented with persistent dry cough, intermittent fever, and significant weight loss. Initial imaging showed pneumonia in the left lower lung, prompting doctors to consider tuberculosis or cancer.
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However, diagnostic bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) identified the fungal species Aspergillus flavus. The patient responded positively to antifungal therapy and has now fully recovered.
The second case involved a 56-year-old woman who was initially suspected of having lung cancer due to a mass lesion and thick-walled cavity in the right upper lobe. BAL fungal culture instead confirmed Aspergillus niger. Following antifungal treatment, the lung lesions regressed, and the patient’s condition improved significantly.
Dr Nagesh Dhadge, HOD and Consultant – Respiratory Medicine, Manipal Hospital, Baner, commented, “Pulmonary aspergillosis is no longer confined to immunocompromised patients. With rising pollution and excessive moisture during the monsoon, even healthy individuals are vulnerable. Early diagnosis using bronchoscopy and BAL was crucial in both cases for identifying the specific fungal infections and initiating appropriate treatment.”
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Anand Mote, Cluster Director of Manipal Hospital, Baner, added, “At Manipal Hospitals, we prioritise prompt and expert treatment, especially in rare and complex medical cases. These incidents highlight the importance of quick diagnosis and multidisciplinary care for managing critical fungal infections.”
Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Public Should Remain Vigilant
The hospital encourages the public to remain vigilant for persistent respiratory symptoms – especially during the monsoon season. Symptoms such as chronic cough, unexplained fever, and sudden weight loss should not be ignored, especially in environments where fungal spores may thrive.
